Days: 12 days

Play: self driving, poor travel, food, humanities, money saving, photography, free travel

The author went to these places

Spain

Goth District

Las Ramblas

Port of Barcelona

Batro house

La Pedrera

Art and Science City

Piazza de Spain

Pensión Alcazar

Golden tower

Cape Roca

Monastery of geronimos

Belem

Berenta

Commercial Plaza

Toledo

Palace of Madrid

Prado Museum

Mayor square

Sun Gate Plaza

Flamenco

Camp Nou

Olympic port

Maritime monument

Barcelona Cathedral

beach

April 25 Bridge

Cathedral de Toledo

Royal monastery of San Juan

Published on March 12, 2016 17:38

In a strange country, a strange place, every trip has a different surprise, different moved.

——Inscription

Self driving itinerary of Spain and Portugal

D-15 Beijing Capital Airport T3, take Wi Fi from the airport, depart at 0:05 - Madrid Barajas T1, arrive at Madrid Barajas airport T4 terminal at 5:35 on February 6.

D1 6 Madrid Barcelona 620km,

Pick up the car from terminal T4 of balachas airport and arrive in Barcelona in 6 hours

D2 7 Barcelona

Attractions: Gothic District, Spanish Cathedral, Rambla Avenue, Columbus monument, port of Barcelona

Food: from the ever-changing tapas to the exquisite paella, because it is located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, the food here is mostly made of seafood, and the cooking methods are also very diverse.

D3 8 Barcelona

Scenic spots: Saint's house, Batro's house, Mira's house

D49 d49 Barcelona Valencia 350km Murcia 200km

8: 30. Lunch in Valencia

Valencia attractions: sunshine beach, art and Science City, church, city square

Food: Valencia is the origin of Spanish paella

D510 455km from Murcia to Granada to Sevilla

Granada attractions: Alhambra Palace

D6 11 Seville

Seville: the old capital of the Spanish Empire and the hometown of bullfighters in the age of great navigation.

Attractions: Spain square, Cathedral of Notre Dame, Seville palace, bullfight square, golden tower

D7 12 Seville - Cape Roca - Lisbon 465km

Cape Roca: the end of Eurasia, where the land ends and the sea begins.

D8 13 Lisbon

Scenic spots: monastery of geronimos, Belem District, Belem Tower, monument of the great discovery, commercial square

Food: seafood, egg tart, wine

D9 14 Lisbon Madrid 625km

D10 15 Madrid Toledo 60km

TOLEDO is a famous historical city in Europe. It was occupied by the Romans in 192 BC. In A.D. 527, the Visigoths ruled Spain and established the capital in the city. It was captured by the Arabs in 711. In 1085, Alfonso VI regained Toledo and became the capital of castilia Kingdom and the national bishop center. In 1561, Felipe II moved his capital to Madrid, and Toledo became weak.

D11 16 Madrid

Attractions: Madrid palace, Spain square, Prado Museum, mayor square, Sun Gate Square

D12 17 Madrid Beijing

Fill up the gas and return the car at the airport

Madrid Barajas T4 Air China ca908 11:30, February 17 -- Beijing Capital Airport T3 D13 6:15, February 18 return Wi Fi when picking up luggage at Beijing Capital Airport

1、 Iberia is no longer far away

Before deciding to go to Spain, I only knew about Barcelona, Real Madrid, matadors and olive oil in La Liga. During the Spring Festival, I drove myself to Spain and Portugal. Starting from Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Murcia, Granada, Sevilla, Cape Roca and Lisbon in Portugal went back to Madrid. It took me 12 days and the journey was 3000 km, He crossed two back and forth in the Iberian Peninsula, reveling in the scenery, food, culture and geography along the way. Iberia is no longer mysterious and distant.

Location of Spain and Portugal

Spain is located in the Iberian Peninsula in the southwest of Europe, bordering France in the East, Portugal in the west, the Atlantic Ocean in the north, and Africa across the Mediterranean Sea in the southwest. The Strait of gibraltarian is only a few tens of kilometers away from Morocco in North Africa; Portugal faces the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and its land is only adjacent to Spain. The history of the peninsula is turbulent. In two or three hundred BC, Carthage in North Africa and the Roman Empire fought for the control of the Mediterranean Sea. Hannibal, a famous Carthage general, led his troops through the Iberian Peninsula, crossed the Pyrenees mountains, which is now the border between the West and France, and came to Rome. The Roman Empire was almost destroyed; After the victory of the Roman Empire, Spain became its province. In the fifth century, the Western Roman Empire was destroyed, and the barbarian sigots became the masters of this place. This has something to do with the Chinese dynasty. The sigots were invaded by the Huns and ran from the northeast of Europe to the southwest. The Huns were defeated by Wei Qing and Huo Qubing in the Han Dynasty, and moved westward; In the seventh century, the Mediterranean was dominated by Muslims. In the eighth century, the Arab Muslim moors occupied Spain. Under the resistance of King frank, the Muslim continued to advance to Europe and stopped in the Pyrenees. In the following hundreds of years, Christianity and Islam continued to compete in this peninsula until the defeat of Muslims in the 15th century. The great geographical discoveries of the 15th century showed that Spain and Portugal took the lead by virtue of their maritime advantages, and the wealth of the new world kept flowing in. An empire that had dominated the world for a hundred years rose and became the first empire in the world to claim that the sun never set; In 1588, Spain's invincible fleet lost in the English channel, the Empire gradually declined, the overseas colonies changed hands one after another, the jurisdiction of Holland became independent, the port of gibraltarian was also occupied by the British army, and now it still belongs to the British Overseas enclave. It is this mixture of multi religion, multi-ethnic and multi culture that produces the enthusiastic flamenco and arrogant bullfighter, as well as the world famous works such as Don Quixote and don Juan, as well as paella and many delicious snacks, as well as the brilliant buildings of Gaudi which are unprecedented and never to come.

2、 Prepare before you go - prepare enough to play better

Path planning: check the destination tourism strategy and must go to the scenic spots, reasonable allocation of each place stay time, determine the driving route, try not to go back. It's better to leave some room for the length of driving every day. Considering the slow speed of entering and leaving the city and the situation of rest, eating and refueling on the way, it's more appropriate to arrange 600 or 700 kilometers a day for the whole expressway.

Path planning map

This time, we arranged to go to Barcelona on the same day after picking up the car from Madrid airport. We stayed in Barcelona for three nights and played for two days. We stayed in Valencia for one night. We passed through Cordoba, Sevilla for two nights, Lisbon for two nights and Madrid for three nights, including Toledo for one day. After arriving in Spain, I felt that I should go to Seville via grana, a distance of more than 100 kilometers, but I could visit the more famous Alhambra Palace. Finally, I adjusted Valencia to Murcia, and achieved my goal.

Actual itinerary chart

Accommodation selection and Reservation: except Murcia, our trip is all residential rental apartments, complete with furniture and cooking utensils, dinner can be made by ourselves, which is very convenient and comfortable. I can't undertake this important task. This is handled by my daughter (who is a business person majoring in science and engineering management and proficient in foreign languages in our family). Please refer to other strategies for details. It's also very good to order apartment hotels on Ctrip.

Car booking: car rental companies and cars can be selected according to the needs and price comparison. I didn't adapt to renting a manual car in Europe last time. This time I ordered an automatic golf. Insurance is defined as all risks. Although the price of all risks is much higher than that of some risks, if renting a car in Europe is not all risks, you have to pay thousands of euros in case of an accident. Therefore, it is better to spend more money on all risks. When we pick up the car, our business people also add tire and glass insurance. It's less than 20 minutes after we pick up the car, and it's proved to be a very correct choice as soon as we drive out of the airport.

Collect traffic information: the traffic rules in Spain and Portugal are the same as those in other parts of Europe. The main differences are that we can't turn right at the red light, we need to look at the traffic signs when entering the turntable, stop to give way or slow down to enter, we also need to pay attention to let pedestrians and highways not occupy the overtaking lane, and don't whistle as much as possible; Spain also stipulates that the engine must be turned off after stopping for more than one minute. The car we drive also adapts to the national conditions. When the brake stops steadily, the engine will turn off, and the ignition will start automatically as soon as the brake is released; Some of the traffic signs are different from those in our country. You need to be familiar with them first, or you may violate the rules; Most of Spanish expressways are free of charge. Self service payment can be made at toll section, and payment can be made at entrance and exit sections; Portuguese high-speed full charge, and there are two forms, one is ordinary self-service payment, there is an automatic payment system, more trouble for foreign vehicles.

Hardware preparation: navigator, mobile Wi Fi and power bank are indispensable equipment for overseas self driving. We are using the TomTom navigator. Last time, the European self driving basically met the requirements. This time, we are more proficient in using it. Every destination in the big cities, small towns, streets and alleys we pass is guided accurately, and we never go wrong. European navigation recommends the use of latitude and longitude coordinates. The navigation accuracy can reach two or three meters. Once, it refers directly to the parking center. Before departure, it stores the latitude and longitude coordinates of various accommodation places in the navigator's favorites and calls them out directly. Mobile Wi Fi is still "roaming around the world", with good signals and long standby time along the way.

3、 Madrid Airport car, twists and turns do not affect the mood

When we arrived at terminal T1 of Madrid Airport, we went out after 7:00 a.m. local time. We successfully found the counter of the car rental company. The business staff said that the scheduled pick-up time was after 8:00, and we had to deal with it at that time, so we went through the pick-up procedures after 8:00 for coffee and breakfast. Car rental in Europe is different from that in China. Even the all risks insurance does not include tires and glass. The business personnel should make it clear to you that if you want to buy it, you can buy it. Our business people directly add this insurance. Praise! It's very wise. If you don't buy it, the consequences will be very serious.

There are four terminals in Madrid airport. Several people on the booking website said that they had to pick up their luggage at T4 after T1. They were puzzled about whether to pick up the car at T1 or at T4, and finally scheduled to pick up the car at T1 according to common sense. The parking lot of the car rental company is only one road away from the exit of the airport. The car rental counter gives the car key and goes to the parking lot to pick up the car. After more than ten hours on the plane, everyone was a little confused. It took a long time to find the car. After getting on the bus, they made several turns in the parking lot before leaving the airport.

Not far from the airport, there was a problem. The dashboard showed a tire pressure alarm, and golf had a tire pressure display. It seemed that the European version had a good configuration. When I saw a gas station, I immediately turned in and stopped to check. Sure enough, one of the rear wheels was flat, and gorf's spare tire was not full size, so I couldn't run after changing it. Business people immediately contacted the rescue, hoping to drive a car to replace the car or bring a tire to replace it. The car rental company said that the rescue was outsourced, and the process was to inform the rescue car to replace the tire, and then drive to the parking lot to replace the car. So we had to wait. About 20 minutes later, the rescue car was in place. The rescue master was experienced and nimble. He quickly replaced the spare tire with an iron nail on it. After the replacement, the rescue master showed a paragraph of English on the mobile phone screen, which probably means speed control. The speed of the highway is no more than 80km, and that of the general road is no more than 60km. It's convenient to go back to the airport. The navigator stores the longitude and latitude coordinates of the airport, which can be called out and used immediately. The distance is displayed as 8km away from the airport, but the coordinates are fixed on the terminal. It takes one more turn to enter the parking lot.

Self service filling pile in gas station

The car change process is quite smooth. It's still an automatic golf which has a story in the future. It's past 11 o'clock when it's on the road again. It's delayed for more than two hours and it's less than 200 kilometers. But if you don't buy tire insurance, you should pay for all the rescue expenses. If you run halfway and have problems, it will take longer. If you think about the good side, you will be relieved.

Keep going and keep in a good mood!

I really like the feeling of driving on the road, the roaring rhythm of the engine and the sound of the wind outside the window, and the strange land rushing towards and passing by. Inadvertently, the beautiful scenery along the way has been stored in my memory, leaving more memories of the past. This is the main reason why I must choose self driving.

After leaving the urban area for several tens of kilometers, the number of vehicles has gradually decreased, especially after getting on the toll road.

Barcelona is in the northeast of Madrid. The whole journey is in the north of Spain. The land is not very fertile, and some of it seems to be relatively barren. Later, when I saw the fertile soil in the south in Seville, I seemed to understand why Islam only persisted in the north of Spain for more than 100 years, while it remained in the south for more than 600 years.

In the afternoon, when the bus passes through the 0 degree meridian, we return from the western hemisphere to the eastern hemisphere. There are signs on the side of the road that flash by, and then come into view are rows of big windmills. Spain is a country that attaches great importance to environmental protection. It has given high subsidies to clean energy and vigorously developed wind power and solar photovoltaic power plants, in exchange for all the blue sky and white clouds.

On the European highway, everyone doesn't occupy the overtaking lane. It's easy to drive. In addition, there are few vehicles, which can basically guarantee the speed of 120km / h. after deducting the service area stay, we can run more than 600 kilometers in less than six hours and reach Barcelona in the twilight.

4、 Barcelona: the Pearl of the Mediterranean

Barcelona is a city with a long history and full of vitality. Its history can be traced back to more than 600 years B.C. It has experienced the footprints of Phoenicia, Carthage, Rome, sigot and Arabian mores. It has become the largest port in the Mediterranean and is now the largest industrial city in Spain. There are not only towering mountains, but also blue sea and blue sky. The historical cultural heritage and the fashion charm of the new era are perfectly combined here. Maybe it's to see Gaudi's Centennial masterpiece, the holy family hall, maybe you're looking for Picasso's childhood life, maybe you're here to worship Barcelona's main stadium, the Nou Camp stadium, or you just want to lazily walk on the beach, bathe in the Mediterranean sunshine, taste delicious seafood and all kinds of snacks. In any case, this city has countless reasons for you to fall in love with it, indulge in pleasures without stop.

A glimpse of the seaside: from Barcelona port to the Olympic port, along the ten mile coast and the dock beach, tourists are intoxicated in the breeze, and seagulls are flying in the sunshine.

Port of Barcelona

Columbus maritime monument

Beach surfer

Football kid

Beach Volleyball

Night in Olympic harbor

Square dance in front of the church: Barcelona cathedral has a history of several centuries. Located in the old city of Costa Rica, it is the main church of the Catholic Diocese of Barcelona. The church is solemn, and the square outside the church is another lively scene. With the music played by the band, more and more circles dance happily.

The old Gothic church

The little band in front of the church

Happy square dance

Urban beings

Bartro's house: the curve belongs to God

Barcelona Cuisine: legendary paella, Spanish ham and baked mushroom

Roast mushroom with ham

Barcelona Metro: the subway system in Barcelona is very convenient. Most famous scenic spots can be reached by subway. Each subway line is marked by different colors, which can be distinguished only by the color. At the entrance to the underground stands a diamond shaped light box with the red mark "m". The subway ticket price is 2.15 euro for a single time, 7.6 euro for one day (only for one person) and 9.8 euro for ten times (no time limit). We bought a ten time ticket, which is very convenient to use.

Residential houses:

5、 Shengjiatang, a splendid building unprecedented and never to be built,

Located in the center of Barcelona City, Shengjia hall was started in 1882 and took over by genius Gaudi in 1883. As a result, this amazing work was born. In more than 100 years, no matter where you come from, whether you have religious feelings, whether you understand architectural art or not, whether you can appreciate sculpture or not, as long as you come here, you will be able to enjoy it, You will be truly amazed, shocked, moved and impressed. In front of the holy family hall, everyone was moved. The long journey is worth it.

Nativity facade: the church has three elevations carved according to Biblical stories: the finished Nativity facade, the crucifixion facade and the unfinished glory facade. This facade shows the birth of Jesus in a completely realistic way. Each sculpture should be a story. At the same time, the whole facade is full of mountains and caves, which is like a natural botanical garden. All kinds of plants are lifelike. Everything is jubilant because of the birth of Jesus. In contrast, a soldier holding a baby in his hand.

The dreamlike Cathedral hall is the essence of the holy family hall: everyone enters the hall of the church and sees the picture displayed in front of him. Everyone will exclaim from his heart: in the hall, dozens of basalt, granite and marble columns of different colors go straight up to the dome. Each stone pillar supports each other on the top of the arc dome, which is very much like the towering trees with branches and leaves, and the golden sunlight shines down from the dome. The light coming through the glass window on the wall is colorful. It's like the vast primeval forest connected with the sky. You can even feel the sound of birds, animals and plants. Your body and mind transcend time and space and blend with nature. In the temple, the statue of Jesus is hanging high. The sun shines from the dome hole, forming a natural light column to illuminate Jesus under the holy umbrella. In the light and dark, it is solemn, real and dignified. Here, I feel much more than I see. It's a kind of shock and moving brought by mysterious forces beyond art, religion and even supernatural.

View of the tower: take the elevator next to the birth facade to reach the middle of the tower, and then circle along the narrow stone stairs. You can see the urban landscape of Barcelona from the small observation platform and stone windows, and you can also feel Gaudi's architectural art from a short distance. Because the elevator can only take a few people at a time, and the upstairs passageway is very small, the number of people who want to climb the tower is limited. You need to buy tickets separately, and make an appointment to line up to climb the tower. It's better to buy tickets online in advance, and also make an appointment to rent a Chinese interpreter.

Facade of the crucifixion: outside the gate is a sculpture of Jesus bound on a stone pillar, expressing the grief of Jesus under suffering and torment. The sculpture of this facade is cold, abstract and angular, which is quite different from other Gaudi's works. Perhaps this theme is no longer suitable for curves, or Gaudi's new exploration. Although the sculpture of this facade was completed decades after Gaudi's death, according to the narrator, it is completely implemented according to his original design. The whole facade is a whole, showing the crucifixion of Jesus. More than ten independent sculptures show the different time points of the process. Starting from the last supper between Jesus and the twelve disciples at the bottom left of the facade, the sculpture group spirals up in zigzag shape, with Jesus suffering on the cross at the top; It can be seen that Jesus was arrested by Roman soldiers on horseback with swords and soldiers on foot, Jesus was sentenced in the Roman court, and he staggered forward with a heavy cross.

6、 Barcelona Valencia Murcia

Valencia, more than 300 kilometers away from Barcelona, is the third largest city in Spain. The highway runs along the coast, and the Mediterranean Sea looms from time to time. Starting from Valencia, there is no charge for the expressways in Spain.

At noon, we arrived at the beach of Valencia. Unexpectedly, it was windy and the sand flying trees swayed. Visitors could not go for a walk on the beach.

The seafood made by the seaside restaurant is original. When the boss recommended seashells, he said that he was still swimming in the sea in the morning. Valencia is the birthplace of paella, but he has already eaten it in Barcelona.

Valencia is rich in oranges, even the street trees.

Welcome the sunset of Murcia.

7、 Alhambra Palace in Granada

The Arab moors occupied Granada in the early 8th century and established a prosperous Islamic Kingdom on this land. At the end of the 15th century, the moors could not resist the counter attack of Catholicism, and Granada was finally occupied by the kingdom of Spain. The special history has made Granada today. People can see the palaces built by moors and the remains of Catholic buildings here. It's a city of Muslim, Jewish and Catholic styles.

Alhambra Palace: Arab Muslims have existed in iriana for more than 700 years. Granada kingdom is the last Arab Dynasty to die out. Alhambra palace here was built in the 13th century and is a treasure of Arab style architectural art left by Muslims to Spain.

8、 Arriving in Seville at night, tire pressure alarm appears again, communication between Chinese and Spanish

It's five o'clock in the afternoon when I get on the expressway from Granada. It's more than 200 kilometers away. The mountain roads are crooked and curved. There are many entrances and exits to and from the expressway. It's difficult for me to drive. It's nightfall in the middle of the journey. What's more, when it was more than 20 kilometers away from the residential area, the tire pressure indicator on the dashboard suddenly lit up. At this time, I had already got off the highway, so I quickly stopped at the roadside to check. Fortunately, the tires were not too flat, so I drove the car to the residential area nervously.

Contacted the car rental agency, the process remains unchanged, it is still the rescue company to deal with. Our parking place is a few minutes away from the accommodation. We can walk there, but it's all one-way street. We don't know how to get there by car. We can get to the parking garage early in the morning and locate the location on the map.

The rescue truck will arrive soon, and I will go with him. Now the problem is that I only know Chinese, and the rescue master only knows Spanish. How to communicate?

The map of the location on the mobile phone is clear at a glance, and the rescue arrived at the garage smoothly. The local traffic management is very good. All the streets and alleys are open to traffic. In some places, pedestrians have to turn to vehicles to pass. They are all one-way streets, so there is no traffic jam.

The rescue started the car, looked at the dashboard, got out of the car and looked at the tires (a little puzzled), inflated the two front wheels, but the tire pressure display was still not eliminated. The rescue started to read the maintenance manual and operate the trip computer, but it still failed to work for more than ten minutes. I used my mobile phone to ask: how about it? Rescue two hands a stand to say cannot handle, ask again: how should that do? The tire pressure is OK. The car can drive. You need to go to the car shop to deal with the problem. You also point to the pointer of the barometer to indicate that it is in the normal range. You point to the logo of the car shop to indicate that you want to go there to deal with it. The final procedure is to sign the repair order, and tire insurance will play a role for the second time.

The end of the tire pressure fault display: our business people have eliminated it by operating the driving computer. It's really hi Da Pu Ben! Children's shoes from Thu can't be accepted!

9、 Glamorous city Seville

Seville is the largest city in southern Spain. Its history can be traced back to the Roman period B.C. and it has also experienced 600 years of occupation by Arab Muslims. Buildings of different times can be found everywhere. Various cultures blend here, producing Don Juan, flamenco, bullfighter and many delicious snacks.

Episcopal Church of Seville: it is a large Gothic building built in the middle ages. It is rebuilt on the basis of a mosque. It is said that the scale of the church is the third in Christian Church and the first in Catholic Church in Europe. I feel the religious atmosphere here is very strong.

Citrus trees in church courtyard

The former royal palace of Arab moors

Spain square, where the World Expo was held:

This should be the mark of ancient Rome

Architecture in Arabic style

streetscape:

Delicious snacks and lively shops

10、 Drive to Portugal, go straight to Cape Roca, to the end of the land, and look at the Atlantic Ocean

Sevilla set out all the way west into Portugal, the road condition is good. There are two ways to collect tolls for highways in Portugal: automatic card collection and manual toll collection. Another way is that electronic toll collection (like domestic etc) is bound with bank card, which is convenient for local cars and troublesome for foreign cars. When entering the country, you don't pay attention to driving past the card handling point. When a vehicle passes a road section with only electronic toll collection, the license plate number is scanned and recorded by the camera, You need to pay at the post office within a week. This is what happened to us. We went to the Portuguese post office in a long line and had low efficiency. Finally, we sent an e-mail to ask about the situation and finally paid the fee online.

Crossing the bridge on April 25 in the rain

Point Roca of Portugal is located at the westernmost end of Eurasia, and then westward across the vast Atlantic Ocean is the American continent. When we arrived at the seaside, it was foggy, and the visibility might be less than 20 meters. We just managed to drive along with the headlights and fog lights. In this case, we only drove to the foggy parking lot of Rocca corner on the Atlantic coast under the guidance of the navigator. Local people said that it was estimated that the fog was intermittent and would disperse after a period of time, so they drank coffee and waited.

Finally, when the fog dispersed, the Atlantic Ocean gradually emerged. Under the cliff, the waves are rough.

The famous cross stele at Rocca point stands near the sea. The famous saying in the inscription: "land ends here, and the sea begins here", is concise and comprehensive, and has endless aftertaste. Hundreds of years ago, how many adventures started here and never turned back into the waves. Remember the coordinates: 38 degrees 47 north latitude, 9 degrees 30 east longitude.

There is also a small stone tablet. Let's call it the end of the earth in Europe.

The lighthouse on the shore calls home in the waves

11、 Lisbon between the mountains and the sea

This is the westernmost city in Eurasia. Like the history of the whole Iberian Peninsula, it was managed by Phoenicians, Rome, Visigoths and Arabian moors. Alfonso I was founded here in the 12th century. During the great navigation period, he began to prosper with neighboring Spain, and also experienced the disaster of earthquake and tsunami. The whole city is built on mountains and stands by water.

Urban transportation: Lisbon transportation includes subway, tram, trolley bus and bus. You can buy a bus recharge card with a cost of 0.5 euro. You can recharge the card with a single ticket of 1.4 euro (1.8 Euro when you get on the bus). The 24-hour unlimited ticket is 6 euro. It can be used in subway and bus, and you can also take the elevator in Lisbon, It's easy to use.

Monastery of geronimos: the monastery of geronimos is a great building built in the heyday of Portugal after 100 years. It is the most magnificent monastery in Portugal. The monastery is a perfect combination of Gothic style and Renaissance style. It is built with gold colored Beige stone from Portugal. It has a large scale and a shocking facade with a width of more than 300 meters.

Grand maritime monument: the monument has a cross on the front and a sailboat on the side. On the monument are carved figures related to the great geographical discoveries in Portuguese history, recording the explorers who sailed to the sea without hesitation, showing the glory of this maritime empire.

Belem Tower: it was originally used for defense and guard, and then gradually transformed into customs, telegraph tower and lighthouse. It was also the starting point of navigators.

delicious food:

The most famous time-honored brand is indeed worthy of its reputation.

Nepalese restaurant, eat seafood rice taste straight than the Spanish origin, the price is also very cheap.

12、 Lisbon To Madrid

Starting from Lisbon in the early morning, the bridge spans more than ten kilometers. It is said that the length of the bridge is second only to the Hangzhou Bay Bridge, and the highway to Madrid. The countryside in Portugal is also very beautiful.

Have you ever seen such a tall tower?

Although it is cheaper to eat and live in Portugal, the oil price is very expensive. If the price is 1.418 euro per liter, it will be less expensive. Don't be hard on the euro. Seeing the oil price of Portugal, do you feel that the oil price of China is OK.

It's 1.083 euro per liter when you go to a gas station in Spain. The price difference is too big.

The gas stations on the highway are all self-service gas stations. When we finish filling up, we pay at the supermarket of the gas station. Last time we went to Europe, we drove a diesel car, this time it was gasoline. We must pay attention to the oil product and the label. Don't make a mistake.

It's sunny and rainy all morning. It's sunny in Spain in the afternoon.

Roadside photovoltaic power station

Running to Madrid in the blue sky and white clouds

13、 Through Toledo in the Middle Ages

TOLEDO is a famous historical city in Europe. It became the capital of Spain in the sixth century, and was occupied by the Arabs for more than 300 years. After its recovery, Toledo was still the capital and Bishop center. In the 16th century, Spain moved its capital to Madrid, and Toledo declined from then on, so it retained its original style. Five hundred years have passed, and the lead has not faded.

To Toledo, my wife and I went alone. We drove more than 60 kilometers from Madrid to Toledo in an hour. The terminal coordinate set by the navigator is the cathedral. The road here is a little narrow. In some sections, the front radar shows that the width is not enough on the left and right. Pedestrians have to lean against the wall before they can pass carefully. When they go uphill, it's a good thing that the car is in automatic gear. If the car is in manual gear, it will be troublesome to turn off the engine. The car is very accurate to drive outside the church, with a mobile phone translator asked the police here can park, the answer is no, and then asked where the parking lot? The police's gesture is to turn down and left, then down and turn again... You can find it. I don't quite understand it, but I know the location. It's a parking lot we passed on the way here, and we started to walk through the narrow street again.

The white line parking space is free in Spain, the green line parking space is for special groups, the blue line parking space is free for limited time, and the yellow line is toll parking space. Although there are many empty parking spaces on the blue and green lines, we still have to drive to the yellow line parking lot. The parking lot is self-service payment. After observing how other people pay, it starts to operate. The display screen of the toll machine shows the current time. When the coin enters the display screen, it shows the time when you can stop the money you put in. You almost run out of coins (more than 4 Euro). The display screen shows 17 o'clock. The time should be enough. Press the button to print the parking ticket, Also put the parking ticket on the front windshield of the driver's cab for inspection. If there is no parking ticket in the spot check, it will be punished.

Park your car and follow this narrow road to the cathedral. Is this the road that the king of Spain once walked?

Toledo cathedral: the residence of the cardinal of the Catholic Spanish diocese. The Gothic architecture and the sculptures in the church are exquisite. I feel that although the themes of several churches I have visited are the same, the architecture and sculpture have their own characteristics. Compared with other churches, the sculptures and paintings of this church have a more natural atmosphere of life. It seems that it is no longer a serious and rigid medieval religious culture, and it is full of Renaissance art light everywhere, which makes people feel that religious art can also be enjoyable. Unfortunately, there is no Chinese commentator, just by feeling.

Royal monastery of San Juan:

Walking through the narrow streets of the ancient city and living in various styles of ancient buildings, it really feels like going through the middle ages.

Blend of ancient and modern

Looking from a distance, is the ancient city still king

13、 Capital Madrid

Madrid's history seems not as long as several other Spanish cities, but the development of the capital is not comparable to that of other cities. This city, which was built in Spain's heyday, is now the third largest city in Europe after Paris and London.

Madrid streetscape:

Twilight Street

Prado Museum: the famous paintings in the collection can be compared with those in the Louvre. It's a pity that we can't take pictures (we should learn from the Louvre, so that the classics of human civilization can be shared and spread). However, it's also very good to have a Chinese interpreter and a Chinese guide map.

Sculpture in the hall

A special exhibition of Goya is being held

One of the three great renaissance stars, Raphael's paintings are the treasure of the museum. Titian, Rembrandt, Rubens and the Spanish painter Goya are all masters of Japanese history. Standing in front of the master's works, we can experience the eternal charm of art across time and space.

Palace of Madrid: elegant appearance and magnificent interior

Concluding remarks

Iberian Peninsula has a long history. Phoenicians, carthages, ancient Rome, Visigoths and Arabian moors all worked and lived here. Catholicism, Islam and Judaism coexisted and prospered here. There were also bloody wars. All kinds of cultures left their own marks. These seals bear the marks of race and religion, especially architecture, sculpture, religion and so on Painting and other art forms are solidified. When you wander around the Alhambra Palace, the monastery of geronim and Catholic churches, or walk through the narrow streets of Seville and Toledo built in the middle ages, or visit the masterpieces of Renaissance masters in the Prado Museum, you seem to be communicating with that era through time and space, and you seem to see the process of history. What is more admirable is that the essence of these civilizations still can be displayed before us in the thousands of years of history.

——The holy house of Gaudi is incomparably great and indescribable. What you are left with here is not only surprise and moving, but also the feeling of worshiping and thinking.

Iberian Peninsula is the birthplace of great navigation. Great geographical discoveries have made it brilliant for centuries, although it may be at the cost of the destruction of another civilization. Running to the ocean from the cross stele of "land ends here, sea begins here" in Roca cape is the game of the brave people of that era. Now it has become the natural and unrestrained of bullfighters with blood, and even the bravery of today's football field.

In small and medium-sized towns, although the streets are narrow and clear, you can better feel the management level of developed countries. Compared with the situation of cities and towns below the prefecture level, it is not modest to say that our country is still a developing country.

It's easy to drive here. There's no messy lane changing, Lane grabbing and lane occupation. It is the starting point of good order for everyone to abide by the rules. Therefore, the collected traffic rules are attached for sharing.

I'm looking forward to more wonderful new journey.

Attachment: Spanish driving rules (traffic, parking, refueling)

Refueling and parking

1.Refuelling Service - Spanish oil price is in line with international oil price, about 4 euro / L. Diesel is generally 10% - 15% cheaper than gasoline. There are both manual services and self-service refueling The process of self-service refueling is: for self-service refueling, you need to record the change of your own pump, the amount of money and the oil product, and then go to the counter to check out after self refueling.

2.Parking - the charging method is self-service payment. When entering the parking lot, press the key to get the parking card, then insert the parking card into the self-service payment machine, and pay cash or swipe the card according to the prompt. The cost of parking in the urban area is about 2-4 euro per hour. The penalty for illegal parking is about 100 euro.

--White line parking is free, blue line parking is time limited, yellow line parking is free, green line parking is used by special people.

No parking in the following areas: - parking spaces reserved for the disabled. On a highway or toll road. A place where other vehicles pass. Bicycle or public transport lanes. On the crosswalk. Designated loading and unloading area. In front of the sign marked "Vado Permanente".

--The stop sign is blue P

Driving rules

1.Precautions - Spanish vehicles are on the right side of the road, the same as Chinese mainland. There are many historical ancient cities in Spain, with narrow urban roads, and there are relevant laws and regulations to strictly protect the ancient city. Careful driving and parking in urban areas. The owner of a motor vehicle will be fined 100 euro if it does not stop for more than 60 seconds while pulling over the side of the road. The owner of a motor vehicle will also be fined 100 euro if it does not stop in a serious traffic jam on the highway Honking is generally prohibited in Spain Spanish law requires drivers wearing glasses or contact lenses to have a pair of spare glasses in their car.

2.Roundabout - vehicles within the roundabout have priority Please drive around the outer lane of the roundabout until you are close to the exit. Before leaving the roundabout, please follow the roundabout signs. Whenever you change lanes, please turn on the corresponding indicator for other drivers to recognize The main purpose of the inside lane is to overtake. Please go back to the outside lane after overtaking.

3.Right of way (give way) - most main roads have priority, with stop or give way signs at minor road junctions. Vehicles driving in the feeder roads must give way to other vehicles that are ready or have entered the main road In general, when driving to an intersection, please give priority to vehicles from the right When there are no traffic lights or the traffic lights are at the intersection, the vehicle from the right has the right of way.

4.Overtaking - when overtaking, please turn on the indicator in advance to let other drivers know. Please pass on the left side of the vehicle Please don't overtake when the traffic is heavy.

5.Speed limits / expressways - 50 km in urban areas, 90 km in national roads and 120 km in expressways. Speeding fines range from 100 to 600 euros depending on the severity of the case.

6.Traffic lights - usually only at intersections When the red light is on, the vehicle can't turn right There is always a traffic light in front of the sidewalk at the intersection of Spain. No matter whether other lights are released or not, when the vehicle arrives at the sidewalk, if the red light is on, you must stop the vehicle. In addition, the traffic signal light is designed to automatically turn into a flashing yellow light when the red light is on for a period of time. The meaning of flashing yellow light means that if no one wants to pass the sidewalk, then the vehicle can pass. If someone wants to go, then it must give way to the pedestrian first—— End——