Days: 4 days
Time: October
Per capita: 6000 yuan
With whom: with friends
Play: freedom, humanity
The author went to these places
Portugal
Lisbon
Chateau Saint Jorge
Elevador de Santa Justa
Belem
Monastery of geronimosh
Berenta
Maritime monument
Sintra
Cape Roca
Published on May 30, 2014 12:44
When I was still in primary school, my aunt gave me a book, probably called "the story of the Navigator" - from then on, I knew the two former maritime empires of Portugal and Spain, as well as a group of navigators such as da Gama Magellan Columbus. More than ten years later, Koei's video game "big navigation era" swept the university campus; More than 20 years later, my aunt had gone to the west by crane, and the book had disappeared, while I set foot on the flight to liangya to spy on the country of navigator.
Today, Portugal is only a small country in southwest Europe, but in the heyday of the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was the leading maritime power in Europe, with a large number of colonies in Africa, Asia and South America. For example, Brazil, the largest country in South America, was once the colony of Portugal. Portugal's colonial empire began in 1415 when Henry, the navigator, led the Portuguese fleet to conquer Ceuta, the Islamic Trade Center in North Africa; In the spring of 1488, DIAS, a Portuguese navigator, first explored to the southernmost Cape of good hope in Africa; In 1498, da Gama finally opened the route to India around the Cape of good hope; In 1522, the Spanish fleet led by Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailed around the earth for the first time. The exploration of these difficult and dangerous new routes laid the foundation for Portugal's maritime trade and colonial hegemony, and the plunder of the Western colonies from then on even directly affected the current world pattern.
On the morning of November 1, 1755, Lisbon was hit by a magnitude 9 earthquake. The damage caused by the earthquake, together with the ensuing tsunami and fire, razed the whole Lisbon. With the rise of the British Empire and the French Empire, the Portuguese Empire gradually declined. Even though the Empire on the sea is already yesterday's yellow flower, Portugal still has deep feelings for navigation. The central design of Portugal's national emblem is the golden ancient navigation instrument, the armillary sphere; The National Anthem says "hero on the sea, noble nation, brave country, never perish!"
Portugal has now become a member of the European Union and has joined the Schengen Agreement, so you can go to Portugal to apply for a Schengen visa. Currently, the mainland has not opened a direct flight route to Portugal, and generally can choose to transfer flights from the European continent. We took the Air France transfer flight via Paris, going to Shanghai Paris Lisbon and returning to Barcelona Paris Shanghai, with a round trip tax of about 8300. According to my experience in Europe, I still choose to stay in apartment this time. This apartment is located in Bairro Alto area, three or five minutes' walk from Chiado metro station, Rossio square and the station, which is convenient for transportation. What is more advanced is that this apartment is self-service. After online payment by credit card, we will receive an email containing the password of the front door and the room door, which can be used after check-in time; After the time of check-out, the password will be invalid automatically. The room is not very big, but although the sparrow is small and has all kinds of internal organs, it can burn Portuguese chicken here for a few days. We stayed for three nights and the price was 90 euro per night for three people.
This is the most famous nightlife area in Lisbon. The alleys downstairs are full of tables. There is a football league on the weekend. It's noisy and almost sleepless that night. When I went out the next morning, the streets that I hadn't cleaned were a little messy. Fortunately, it was only on weekends, but the next two days were clean and tidy. It's a residential area. Maybe it's not luxurious enough, but I like the local flavor of life. The pink wall is our apartment.
Turning a corner from the alley is the bustling Chiado. Lisbon begins to show its metropolitan side. Rossio square is the transportation center of Lisbon. The Rossio station itself is very exquisitely built. The curves of the two arches are very beautiful. In the center of the square stands a monument to Pedro IV to commemorate the king who gave up the throne and spent his life overthrowing the autocratic rule of Portugal. Therefore, it is also called Pedro IV square. In Portugal, a country founded on the sea, wavy patterns paved with gravel are often seen on the square, and the same patterns can also be seen in Macao.
Lisbon is actually a city built on hills, so the subway stations are dug deep. For example, the escalators of Chiado subway station are stacked, and the weather forecast and other information are projected on the platform corridor, which is like a time tunnel.
From Rossio, through the bustling Augusta street, you can get to another landmark spot in Lisbon, the Arc de Triomphe of Augusta. Because it's a pedestrian street, you can have a table in the middle now. The most popular Western bakeries on both sides are egg tarts. It's very pleasant to sit here and drink a famous Sangria cocktail.
The square outside the triumphal gate is Comercio, surrounded by yellow municipal buildings on three sides, which used to be the site of the Portuguese palace. In the middle of the square, the statue of the Portuguese king Jose I is seen.
Walking slowly from the square to the hillside for about 20 minutes, we arrived at the castle of San Jorge. The castle itself is not much to visit, it is more like a park. The castle was first built in the Roman Empire, and then occupied and expanded by moors, Goths and Spaniards. The fortress, which once stood high, is now the best place to have a panoramic view of Lisbon. At dusk in Lisbon, another cruise ship leaves the port for the Atlantic Ocean. The golden sunset and bright lights add a new brilliance to this once glorious imperial capital.
Lisbon's most attractive are the alleys in the old city. The mottled walls are even a little shabby. The tram tracks are slightly shiny, which seems to tell the history and glory of the past.
In the center of the old city, there is a lift of the tower of San HUS, which was put into use in 1902. The cast iron frame is full of artistic atmosphere. The original designer was a student of the author of the Eiffel Tower. After taking the elevator to the top floor, we finally found that this is not a lonely platform, but a place leading to Largo do Carmo, where the ruins of kalmo Cathedral, which was destroyed by the earthquake, still stand.
Belem District, 6 km west of the city center of Lisbon, preserves two world cultural heritages of Portugal, Jeronimos monastery and belenta Belem Tower, so it is also a must see spot in Lisbon. Take the No.15 tram from the city center and get off at Bel é m-jer ó nimos station to Belem district.
In Portuguese, the name of Bel é m means "Bethlehem", the birthplace of Jesus. It is from this port that many navigators set out for the unknown world. Among them, many famous explorers entered Vasco dagama. On the way to Belem, you will see the "April 25" bridge, which was built in 1966 and was the longest bridge in Europe at that time. This strange name is to commemorate the success of the lilac revolution launched on April 25, 1974 to overthrow the Portuguese military government. There is a huge standing statue of Jesus on the other side of the river, just like the statue in Rio.
It took a century to build the monastery of geronimosh after the successful opening of the Indian air route in dagama. The main building is divided into two parts: the cathedral and the monastery. The cathedral is large-scale, and the white outer wall is full of exquisite carvings.
Inside the cathedral, there is dagama's coffin. When we went there, it was time for mass, and the singing of the choir was very beautiful.
The monasteries are built of yellow sandstone, with different decorative patterns of columns and arches, combining Gothic spires and Renaissance decorations, and infiltrating the smooth curve of Islamic style. At the same time, the local student percussion orchestra performed, and the passionate drums and melodious bagpipes echoed in the monastery.
From the church to the river mouth is the navigation monument. The tall monument is like a sailing boat riding the wind and waves. At the bow of the ship is don Alfonso Henry, the "Prince of navigation" who created the era of navigation. On both sides behind him are dagama and other famous figures in Portuguese history. Take the elevator to the top of the great maritime monument. The whole Belem district is beautiful. In the distance is the huge "April 25" bridge, and on the Atlantic side is the famous Belem Tower. Among many yachts and sailboats, we found this mini sailboat. Is it the smart sailboat? Looking down from the top of the monument, we found that there was a huge rudder pattern on the square.
Panoramic view of Belem district under blue sky and white clouds.
It's time for lunch. Try the most authentic Portuguese egg tart in Belem! Pass é is de Bel é m, which opened in 1837, is the first egg tart shop in the world. Because it is located in the center of Belem District, it is full of customers all the time. We can't count on it. We have to queue up for takeout. The century old shop really deserves its reputation. The outer skin of the egg tart is crispy and the inner core is smooth. It has the natural fragrance of egg milk. Sprinkle with powdered sugar and cinnamon powder and take a bite. The outside is burnt and the inside is tender. It's fragrant and sweet.
After eating the egg tarts and continuing along the teju River, we come to the landmark of Portugal, belenta. This is a five story fortification built between 1514 and 1520 under Manuel I to defend the port of Belem and the nearby cathedral. In terms of appearance, it is also a sailing boat. In the architectural style of berenta, a lot of Moorish and Arab artistic elements are used, such as the pepper box shaped fort at the top of the sentry box. In order to show the king's prestige, the tower is decorated with many Manuel like symbols, such as thick stone ropes around the tower body, decorated with stone knots, armillary sphere or Jesus Cross and some other animal and plant elements. As time went on, berenta lost its main purpose when it was built. In later centuries, it was used as a dungeon for customs, telegraph stations, and even lighthouses and storage rooms. Today, like the statue of liberty in New York, it stands in the port of Lisbon and becomes the symbol of Portugal.
The cultural landscape of Sintra, located about 20 kilometers west of Lisbon, is listed on the UNESCO World Heritage list for its beautiful natural scenery and rich cultural relics. It's easy to get there directly by train from Rossio station in downtown Lisbon. Even the railway station here is a landscape. Compared with the hustle and bustle of Lisbon, it is much quieter here. Everything is slow and quiet.
The Moorish castle on the Sintra mountain, due to its long history, only the wall is still intact. My companion joked that he had come to Portugal to see the Great Wall.
The most beautiful palace in Sintra is palacioda Pena. Built in 1840-1850, Pena palace is the king's summer palace. Its dazzling, strange and magical shape looks like a paradise castle. The palace itself is a hodgepodge of architectural styles, including Gothic, Renaissance, Moorish and Manueline styles. It is decorated with exquisite carvings and Moorish tiles.
Sitting on a fairy tale castle, the sea breeze slowly blows from the Atlantic Ocean.
Cabo Da Roca is a narrow cliff about 140 meters above sea level, which is also the westernmost point of the whole Eurasian continent. A lighthouse and a cross facing the ocean were built on the cliff of Cape Roca. Under the cross is written in Portuguese: "land ends here, sea begins here.". Roca cape was once rated as one of the "50 most worth visiting places in the world" by netizens. It is full of sea and sky, magnificent, open and imaginative. Facing the vast Atlantic Ocean, I think of the time when the navigators fearlessly sailed to the unknown new world.
More than ten kilometers east of Cape Roca is Cascais, Portugal's third largest city. It is the third largest city with a population of less than 200000. It looks more like a holiday town with blue sky, white clouds, blue sea, sands and coconut trees.
On the beach are beautiful men and women on holiday.
Seafood restaurants and playful shops lined up
On the roadside square, there are still classic waves and statues of the king.
A simple house on the side of the road attracted my attention. Living in such a house, it's really facing the sea and blooming in spring!
In the end, we chose this restaurant with purple appearance to enjoy. The interior decoration and tableware are also retro and exquisite. Naturally, I came here to eat seafood. I didn't expect that the seafood paofan (which is my name) made here has some Chinese food taste, which is very delicious.
Dinner in Portugal usually starts at seven or eight o'clock in the evening. At this time, there is a sharp contrast between the busy square and the quiet alley.
At the end of the day, Lisbon impressed me most. It's not the beautiful buildings or the open sea view, but the tram there! Especially the No.28 tram, which runs through the most characteristic area of the old town of Lisbon along the east-west direction, takes more than an hour to walk down the whole journey. The east side is to the castle of Saint Jorge on the top of the mountain, and the west side is near the April 25 bridge. There are many scenic spots along the way, which can be called the "magic car" of tourists. Small trams run through narrow alleys, and sometimes you'll even be startled by the sudden appearance of this giant - because its size seems to burst the alleys! There are naughty children outside the car, and there are silver haired old women waiting for the car. Sitting in such a small tram, jingling through the ups and downs of the streets, itself is a pleasant journey.